Hebrew Dictionary and Vocabulary

Note to myself I did not begin this until Ex. 38:15 & 23; I had to split this into two parts during Job 4, 12/97

I will try to be consistent and pronounce ו as w but  as v-v; and ב as ^bv and  as b (not that this is totally accurate; I am shooting for consistency here).

However, I ran into a bit of a conundrum when determining how to relay the pronunciation to the reader. Do you give the pronunciation as cake or as kayk (or kāk)? Do we go with ode, ohd, or ōd? Whereas, most of the time I strive for some sort of consistency (even where there really is none originally), with the pronunciations, I have decided to go with a common English word (e.g., cake) where appropriate, letters without diacritical markings wherever possible, and diacritical markings where I see no other alternative.

The masculine of an adjective might refer to the moral or philosophical ramifications and the feminine gender might refer to the consequences of the word.

In a parenthetical reference, like (Job 9:7), the word does not occur in this verse, it is just being contrasted with the word actually found in this verse. Bolded references will be used when the word gets a full treatment in that verse (I didn’t begin this until Joshua 6). Joshua 2:3 6:2 10:8

*will mean that all references are listed here.

Preface: The problem with most lexicons is they tend to focus more upon this is how we have always translated this word; we find it in this passage used in this way and that passage translated that way. These lexicons often do not search for a consistent rendering of any given word; nor do they always examine the Scripture with the intent of narrowing down the number of ways an ancient Hebrew word can be brought into the English. Furthermore, there are some words which have one meaning outside of Scripture, but took on a technical theological meaning when used in Scripture (a good English equivalent of this is the word rapture; which means one thing originally in the secular world (ecstatic joy or delight) and has come to mean something related, but different in the world of theology (it refers to the time when the Lord will descend from heaven with a shout and the dead in Christ will rise first; then we who are alive with join Him and be forever in the heavenlies). A reasonable Hebrew example is kâphar (ר ַפ ָ), which means to cover but has come to take on the more technical translation of atone when found in Scripture (however, in this case, I think the literal meaning is best left in Scripture).

I have followed the order of Brown, Driver and Briggs, the reason being that they group the cognates together, which makes it easier to confirm some meanings.

This is a list of words covered in reasonable detail in my exegesis of the Old Testament:

1.      א       ʾAleph [pronounced AW-lef] (1) Written ʾ and not pronounced

1.        Letter:

2.        Masculine_noun: which means freshness, fresh green. The first prepositional phrase is in its freshness, translated by Young as in its budding; this is the only time this word occurs, although we find a very similar word in Exodus for young ears of barley; so the idea of youngness is implied. Freshness, budding = Strong’s #3 BDB #1.

3.        Masculine_noun: which means fresh, young ears [of barley]. Job 8:12; young ears of barley = Strong’s #24 BDB #1.

4.        Verb: ʾâbad (אָבַד) [pronounced aw^b-VAHD], which means to be lost, to lose oneself, to wander; to perish, to be destroyed; to be ready to perish, to be wretched [miserable or unfortunate]. It means to perish (Lev. 26:38 Esther 4:16 Joel 1:11); to lose (1Sam. 9:3). This verb is usually rendered to perish, and finding it in 1Sam. 9:3 where it clearly means to lose gives us a better understanding of its nuance. in the Piel it means to destroy (Num. 33:52 Deut. 12:2–3); in the Hiphil it means to cause to languish, to cause the destruction of, to put to death (Num. 24:19 Joshua 7:7). Strong's #6 BDB #1. Lev. 23:30 Num. 33:52 Deut. 4:26 7:24 26:5 Joshua 7:7 23:15 Judges 5:31 1Sam. 9:3, 20 Job 3:3 11:20 14:19 18:17 20:7 2Sam. 1:27 Psalm 2:12 10:16 21:10 68:2 73:27 83:17 142:4 146:4

5.        Masculine_noun: which means destruction. Strong’s #8 BDB #2.

6.        Feminine_noun: which means lost thing. Strong’s #9 BDB #2.

7.        Masculine_noun: which means destruction. Strong’s #12 & #13 BDB #2.

8.        Feminine_noun: ʾăbaddôwn (ן-בֲא) [pronounced ub-ahd-DOHN], which means destruction, ruin, perishing, abyss; and is transliterated ʾAbaddôn. Possibly a proper noun. The place of ruin in Sheol; a place of the lost dead. Strong’s #11 BDB #2. The Doctrine of Sheol

9.        Verb1: ʾâbâh (הָבָא) [pronounced aw-^BVAWH], which means to be willing, to consent. It is a verb always found with a negative (except in Job 1:19 39:9). In the Qal perfect, it generally means would; in the Qal imperfect it means consent, yield, willing. Strong’s #14 BDB #2. Deut. 13:8 29:20 Judges 11:17 19:25 20:13b 1Sam. 15:9 22:17 26:23 31:4 2Sam. 2:21 6:10 Psalm 81:11

10.      Adjective: ʾeb^eyôn (ןי׃ב∵א) [pronounced ebv^e-YOHN], which means destitute, in want, needy, poor, bankrupt. Strong’s #34 BDB #2. The Doctrine of the Poor and the Needy 1Sam. 2:8 Job 5:16 Psalm 12:5

11.      Masculine_noun: which means reed, papyrus. The kind of ships mentioned here is also a mystery. However, Gesenius matches the word with reed, bullrush, papyrus, from an Arabic use of the same word. Although there is not 100% agreement, this is the most likely renderings. Strong’s #16 BDB #3. Job 3:26

12.      Verb2: which means to decide, he who decides. Strong’s #none BDB #3.

13.      Masculine_noun: ʾâb (אָב) [pronounced aw^bv], which means father, both as the head of a household or the head of a clan. Therefore, it can refer to a grandfather or great grandfather. However, it can also mean founder, civil leader or military leader. Strong’s #1 BDB #3. Joshua 14:1 Judges 1:14 2:1, 10 9:1 17:10 Ruth 4:17a 1Sam. 2:25 9:3, 20 10:2, 12 12:6, 15 14:1, 51 17:15, 25 18:18 19:2 20:1 22:1 23:17 24:11, 21 2Sam. 2:32 6:21 7:12 1Chron. 8:10, 29 12:17, 28 15:12 Psalm 68:5 89:26 95:9 103:13 106:6 fix all of this from ^bv to b

14.      Masculine_proper_noun: ʾĂbîyʾel (ל∵אי.בֲא) [pronounced u^b-vee-EL], which means El (God) is [my] father. An ancestor of Saul’s. Strong’s #22 BDB #3. 1Sam. 9:1 14:51 1Chron. (8:29)

15.      Masculine_proper_name: which means my father has gathered and is transliterated . Strong’s #23&43 BDB #4.

16.      Feminine_proper_noun: ʾăbîygâyil (ל̣יָגי.בֲא) [pronounced a^b-vee-GAW-yil], which means my father is joy and is transliterated Abigal. There are two spellings of this name. Strong’s #26 BDB #4. 1Sam. 25:3 27:3 2Sam. 2:2 3:3

17.      Masculine_proper_noun: which means my father is judge and is transliterated . Strong’s #27 BDB #4.

18.      Masculine_proper_noun: which means my father took knowledge and is transliterated . Strong’s #28 BDB #4.

19.      Masculine_proper_noun: ʾĂbîyyâh (הָ̣ב ֲא) [pronounced u^b-vee-YAW], which means Yah is [my] father and is transliterated Abijah. Strong’s #29 BDB #4. 1Sam. 8:2

20.      Masculine_proper_noun: which means he is my father and is transliterated . Strong’s #30 BDB #4.

21.      Masculine_proper_noun: which means my father is majesty and is transliterated . Strong’s #31 BDB #4.

22.      Masculine_proper_noun: which means my father is might and is transliterated . Masculine and feminine. Strong’s #32 BDB #4.

23.      Masculine_proper_noun: which means my father is goodness and is transliterated . Strong’s #36 BDB #4.

24.      Masculine_proper_noun: ʾĂbîyţâl (לָטי.בֲא) [pronounced uhb-ee-TAWL], which means my father is [the] dew; father of dew and is transliterated Abital. Strong’s #37 BDB #4. 2Sam. 3:4

25.      Masculine_proper_noun: which means a father is El and is transliterated . Strong’s #39 BDB #4.

26.      Masculine_proper_noun: ʾĂbiymelek^e (אֲבִימֶלֶךְ) [pronounced u^b-vee-MEH-lek], which means my father is king. Abimelech should never have been the ruler of Israel; if anyone should have been in that time period, it was his father. So, every time you read his name in the next chapter, when he rules over Israel, keep in mind, it isn’t him, but his father who should be king. Strong’s #40 BDB #4. Judges 8:31 9:intro 1Chron. 18:16 Psalm 34:inscription

27.      Masculine_proper_noun: ʾăbîynâdâb (בָדָני.בֲא) [pronounced u^b-vee-naw-DAWB], which means my father is noble and is transliterated Abinadab. Strong’s #41 BDB #4. 1Sam. 7:1 16:8 17:13 31:2 2Sam. 6:3

28.      Masculine_proper_noun: ʾĂbîynôʿam (ם-עֹני.בֲא) [pronounced u^b-vee-noh-ĢAHM], which means my father is a delight; father of pleasantness; transliterated Abinoam. Father of Barak. Strong’s #42 BDB #4. Judges 4:6

29.      Masculine_proper_noun: ʾăbîynêr (ר̤ני.בֲא) [pronounced u^b-vee-NAYR], which means my father is Ner or my father is a lamp, and is transliterated Abner. Strong’s #74 BDB #4. 1Sam. 14:50 17:55 20:25 26:5 2Sam. 2:8 3:6

30.      Masculine_proper_noun: ʾăbîyrâm (אֲבִירָם) [pronounced up^b-vee-RAWM], which means [the] Exalted One is my father and is transliterated Abiram. Strong’s #48 BDB #4. Psalm 106:17

31.      Masculine_proper_noun: Strong’s #87 BDB #4.

32.      Masculine_proper_noun: ʾAb^erâhâm (אַבְרָהָם) [pronounced ahb^ve-raw-HAWM], which means father of a multitude, chief of a multitude; transliterated Abraham. Strong’s #85 BDB #4. 1Chron. 16:13 Psalm 47:9

33.      Feminine_proper_noun: which means my father is a wanderer; transliterated . Strong’s #49 BDB #4.

34.      Masculine_proper_noun: which means my father is rescue; my father is opulence; transliterated . Strong’s #50 BDB #4.

35.      Masculine_proper_noun: which means my father is a wall; transliterated . Strong’s #51 BDB #4.

36.      Masculine_proper_noun: ʾăbîyshay (אֲבִישַי) [pronounced ub-^vee-SHAH-ee], which means my father is Jesse and is transliterated Abishai. Strong’s #52 BDB #5. 1Sam. 26:6 2Sam. 2:18, 24 10:10 1Chron. 18:12

37.      Masculine_proper_noun: ʾĂbîyshâlôwm (םלָשי.ב ֲא) [pronounced ub-ee-shaw-LOHM], which means my father is peace and is transliterated . Strong’s #53 BDB #5. 2Sam. 3:3

38.      Masculine_proper_noun: ʾeb^eyâthâr (אֶבְיָתָר) [pronounced eb^e-yaw-THAWR], which means the Great One is father; my father is great and is transliterated Abiathar. Strong’s #54 BDB #5. 1Sam. 22:20 23:6 30:7 2Sam. 8:17 1Chron. 15:11

39.      Interjection: which means oh! [an exclamation of pain]. Strong’s #17 BDB #5.

40.      Feminine_noun: which means slaughter. Probably an error in Ezra 21:20.* Strong’s #19 BDB #5.

41.      Verb: which means to turn?. In the Hiphil, it means to roll, to roll up. Strong’s #55 BDB #5.

42.      Verb: ʾâbal (ל ַב ָא) [pronounced aw-^BVAHL], which means to mourn, lament. In the Hithpael, it means to act like a mourner, to go through the motions and ceremonies of mourning, to mourn. Strong’s #56 BDB #5. 1Sam. 6:19 15:35 16:1 Job 14:22

43.      Masculine_noun: which means mourning. Strong’s #60 BDB #5.

44.      Adjective1: ʾâbêl (ל̤בָא) [pronounced aw^b-VAYL], which means mourning. Strong’s #57 BDB #5.

45.      Feminine_noun2: ʾâbêl (ל̤בָא) [pronounced aw^b-VAYL], which ostensibly means meadow. Our problem is that Strong’s #58 BDB #5. 1Sam. 6:18

46.      Adverb: which means verily, of a truth. Strong’s #61 BDB #6.

47.      Masculine_noun3: which means camel. Strong’s #none BDB #6.

48.      Feminine_noun: ʾeben (ן∵ב∵א) [pronounced EH^B-ven], which means stone. It is found over 250 times in the Old Testament and is consistently translated stone with few exceptions; stones were used for weights and carried around in a bag to use possibly with a scale (see Prov. 11:1 16:11). Also in the masculine. Strong's #68 BDB #6. Lev. 20:27 (changed slightly) 1Sam. 4:1b 6:14, 18 7:12 14:33 17:40 20:19 25:37 2Sam. 5:11 1Chron. 12:2 Zech. 12:3

49.      Proper_noun: ʾEben (ן∵ב∵א) [pronounced EH^B-ven], which means stone and is transliterated Eben. It is found over 250 times in the Old Testament and is consistently translated stone. Strong's #68 BDB #6. Because of the definite article, this word would not be a construct. Then we have the definite article again followed by the masculine singular noun ʿêzer (ר∵זֵע) [pronounced ĢAY-zer], which means help. Strong’s #5828 BDB #740. This gives us: ...beside the stone the help... Since this cannot be a construct relationship, our other option is that this is a proper noun, which is what this appears to be, and it is transliterated either Ebenezer or Eben-ezer. Strong’s #72 BDB #7. 1Sam. 4:1b 5:1 7:12

50.      Masculine_noun: which means wheel, disc. Strong’s #70 BDB #7.

51.      Verb: which means to feed, to fatten. Strong’s #75 BDB #7.

52.      Masculine_noun: ʾêbûwç (סב̤א) [pronounced ay-BOOCE], which means crib, manger, feeding trough. Strong’s #18 BDB #7. (2Sam. 5:11)

53.      Masculine_noun: which means granary. Strong’s #3965 BDB #7.

54.      Proper_noun: ʾi^bv^etsân (ןָצ ב ̣א) [pronounced i^bv-TSAWN], which is very similar to a city in Issachar. However, we have no idea what the root stands for, if anything. Strong’s #78 BDB #7. Judges 12:8

55.      Masculine_noun: which means dust. Strong’s #80 BDB #7.

56.      Feminine_noun: which means powders. Probably a collective noun. SOS 3:6.* Strong’s #81 BDB #7.

57.      Verb: which means to wrestle. Strong’s #79 BDB #7.

58.      Masculine_noun: ʿêber (ר∵ב̤א) [pronounced ay-BEHR], which means pinions. Strong’s #83 BDB #7.

59.      Feminine_noun: ʾeb^erâh (הָרב∵א) [pronounced ehb^e-RAW], which means feather, wing; pinion [of bird (ostrich, eagle, dove) of God (metaphorically)]. Strong’s #84 BDB #7. Psalm 68:13

60.      Verb: which means to fly. Strong’s #82 BDB #7.

61.      Adjective: which means strong. Strong’s #46 BDB #7. Psalm 132:2

62.      Adjective: ʾabbîyr (רי ̣ ַא) [pronounced ahb-BEER], which means mighty, valiant, mighty ones. This certainly refers to Sisera’s horses, or to Sisera’s cavalry. Strong’s #47 BDB #7. Judges 5:22 1Sam. 21:7 Psalm 78:25

63.      Masculine_proper_noun: ʾăgâg (גָגֲא) [pronounced uh-GAWG], which means violent? and is transliterated Agag. Strong’s #90 BDB #8. 1Sam. 15:8

64.      Feminine_noun: ăguddâh (הָֻגֲא) [pronounced uh-good-DAW], which means a bunch, a bundle, a band. Ex. 12:22 2Sam. 2:25 Isa. 58:6 Amos 9:6.* Strong’s #92 BDB #8. The Doctrine of Fasting (Isa. 58:6) 2Sam. 2:25

65.      Masculine_noun: which means nuts. Strong’s #93 BDB #8.

66.      Masculine_noun: which means a drop. Strong’s #96 BDB #8.

67.      Verb: which means to be troubled, to be sad. Strong’s #none BDB #8.

68.      Masculine_noun: ʾăgam (ם ַג ֲא) [pronounced uh-GAHM], which means pool, pond. It also means troubled. Strong’s #98 BDB #8.

69.      Adjective: which means sad. Strong’s #99 BDB #8.

70.      Masculine_noun1: ʾag^emôn (ןֹמג-א) [pronounced ag^e-MOHN], which means a reed, a rush, a bullrush. Strong’s #100 BDB #8. The Doctrine of Fasting (Isa. 58:5)

71.      Masculine_noun2: ʾag^emôn (ןֹמג-א) [pronounced ag^e-MOHN], which means pot, cauldron. Job 41:20.* Strong’s #100 BDB #8. Ancient Jewish Cooking Vessels

72.      Verb: which means to be circular, to be round. Strong’s #none BDB #8.

73.      Masculine_noun: which means a bowl, a basin. Strong’s #101 BDB #8.

74.      Masculine_noun: which means a band, an army. Strong’s #102 BDB #8.

75.      Verb1: which means to gather. Strong’s #103 BDB #8.

76.      Verb2: which means to pay, to hire. Strong’s #none BDB #8.

77.      Feminine_noun: ʾăgôwrath (ת-רגֲא) [pronounced uh-goh-RAHTH], which means payment, coin, piece. Strong’s #95 BDB #8. 1Sam. 2:36*

78.      Feminine_noun: which means letter. Strong’s #107 BDB #8.

79.      Verb: ʾâdab (ב-דָא) [pronounced aw-DA^BV], which means to grieve, to pine away. This word is found only here and has no real cognates. This means that this meaning is a reasonable guess. Strong’s #109 BDB #9. 1Sam. 2:33*

80.      Verb: which means to make, to produce. Strong’s #none BDB #9.

81.      Masculine_noun: ʾâdâm (אָדָם) [pronounced aw-DAWM], which means a man, a human being, mankind, Adam. It can be the proper name for Adam, another name for man or a name for the human race, e.g., human being, mankind. In both instances, ʾâdâm can be in the singular and preceded by a definite article. Individual man with a definite article: Gen. 2:7–8; without a definite article: Gen. 2:5. Mankind with a definite article: Gen. 6:1, 5, 6 Num. 5:6. Strong's #120 BDB #9. Lev. 24:17 Judges 16:7 18:7 1Sam. 15:29 16:7 17:32 25:29 26:19 2Sam. 7:14 1Chron. 16:21 Job 7:20 20:4 21:4 24:9 Psalm 21:10 56:12 57:4 40:11 68:18 73:5 89:47 105:14 118:6 146:3

82.      Feminine_noun: ʾădâmâh (אֲדָמָה) [pronounced uh-daw-MAWH], which means ground, soil, dirt, earth, tillable earth, land, surface of the earth. Strong's #127 BDB #9. (cp Strong’s #776 BDB #75). Deut. 4:15–18 11:21 1Sam. 4:12 20:15 2Sam. 1:2 9:10 Job (14:8) Psalm 105:35 146:4

83.      Proper_noun_location: city in Naphtali. Strong’s #128 BDB #10.

84.      Proper_noun_location: a vale in Siddim. Strong’s #126 BDB #10.

85.      Proper_noun_location: a pass in Naphtali. Strong’s #129 & 5346 BDB #10.

86.      Verb: which means to be red, to be ruddy. Strong’s #119 BDB #10.

87.      Adjective: which means red. Strong’s #122 BDB #10.

88.      Feminine_noun: which means carnelian, redness. Strong’s #124 BDB #10.

89.      Masculine_noun: which means name of a condiment. I would guess that it is reddish in color and probably cinnamon or paprika. Strong’s #124 BDB #10.

90.      Masculine_noun: ʾĚdôwm (אֱדוֹם) [pronounced eh-DOHM]; also ʾĚdôm (אֱדֹם) [pronounced eh-DOHM, which means reddish and is transliterated Edom, Edomites. Strong’s #123 BDB #10. Judges 5:4 1Sam. 14:47 2Sam. 6:10 8:(12–13)

91.      Gentilic_adjective: which means reddish and is transliterated Edomite. Strong’s #130 BDB #10. 1Sam. 21:7 22:9 Psalm 52 inscription

92.      Adjective: which means reddish. Strong’s #125 BDB #10.

93.      Adjective: ʾad^emôwnîy (י.נמד-א) [pronounced ad^e-moh-NEE], which means red, ruddy. Strong’s #132 BDB #10. 1Sam. 16:12 17:42

94.      Proper_noun_location: Strong’s #131 BDB #10.

95.      Masculine_proper_noun: which means unrestrained and is transliterated . Strong’s #133 BDB #10.

96.      Verb: which means to make firm, to fasten, to strengthen. Meaning is disputed. Strong’s #none BDB #10.

97.      Masculine_noun: which means base, pedestal. Strong’s #134 BDB #10.

98.      Masculine_noun: ʾâdôwn (אָדוֹן) [pronounced aw-DOHN], the word we often know as adonai; and this word means lord, master, owner, superior, sovereign. It is a word used of both man and God; and here of God. It is not necessarily a term referring to God, and can be used as a simple term of respect. Affixed to this is the 1^st person suffix; which gives us my lord. If Gideon were English, he would have said, “My dear sir.” In Psalm 73:20, (Judges 6:15, 22 16:28), the word is in the plural with a first person singular suffix, making it ʾădônây (אֲדֹנָי) [pronounced uh-doh-NAY]. When it comes to the plural, we can either interpret this as referring to the Trinity or as an intensification of the noun. In the plural, when applied to man, refers to all of his superiors. For a slave, this is just about everyone in his periphery. Strong’s #113 BDB #10. The Doctrine of the Names of God Textual Criticism of the Old Testament Joshua 3:11, 5:14 Judges 1:5 3:25 4:18 6:13, 15, 22 16:28 Ruth 2:13 1Sam. 1:15 16:16 20:38 22:12 24:6 25:10, 24, 27 26:15 29:4 30:13 2Sam. 2:5 3:21 7:18 9:9 1Chron. 12:19 Job 3:19 Psalm 2:4 8:1 44:23 54:4 57:9 59:11 68:11, 19 73:20, 28 90:1 105:21 110:1 114:7 136:3 Isa. 7:14

99.      Proper_noun_location: in Babylonia. Strong’s #135 BDB #11.

100.    Proper_noun/location: which means ; transliterated . Identical to above? Strong’s #114 BDB #11.

101.    Masculine_proper_noun: which means lord of something and is transliterated lord of Bezek. Strong’s #137 BDB #11. Judges 1:5

102.    Masculine_proper_noun: which means Lord of righteousness; my Lord is righteousness and is transliterated . Strong’s #139 BDB #11.

103.    Masculine_proper_noun: ʾĂdônîyyâh (הָ.נֹד ֲא) [pronounced uh-doh-nee-YAW,uhd-ohn-ee-YAW], which means my Lord is Yahweh; transliterated Adonijah. Strong’s #138 BDB #11. 2Sam. 3:4

104.    Masculine_proper_noun: which means my Lord has arisen and is transliterated . Strong’s #140 BDB #12.

105.    Masculine_proper_noun: which means my Lord is exalted; transliterated . Strong’s #141 BDB #12.

106.    Masculine_proper_noun: which means my Lord is exalted; transliterated . A corrupted form of above. Strong’s #151 BDB #12.

107.    Verb: which means to be wide, to be great, to be high, to be noble. Strong’s #142 BDB #12.

108.    Masculine_noun: ʾeder (ר∵ד∵א) [pronounced ahd-DEER], which means glory, magnificence. Strong’s #145 BDB #12. Not used yet

109.    Proper_noun/location: which means two hills; transliterated . Strong’s #115 BDB #12.

110.    Masculine_proper_noun: which means noble; transliterated . Strong’s #146 BDB #12.

111.    Adjective: ʾaddiyr (רי ̣ַא) [pronounced ahd-DEER], which means majestic, powerful, magnificent, glorious. Strong’s #117 BDB #12. [Synonym: Strong’s #1935 BDB #217] Judges 5:13, 25 1Sam. 4:8 Psalm 8:1 136:18

112.    Feminine_noun: ʾaddereth (ת ∵ר ∵ ַא) [pronounced ad-DEH-reth], which is translated garment, mantle, robe, goodly and glory in the KJV. It appears to be a cloak, not unlike our overcoat. The implication is that this is a very nice overcoat. Strong’s #155 BDB #12. Joshua 7:21

113.    Masculine_proper_noun: which means 12^th Babylonian month; transliterated . Strong’s #143 BDB #12.

114.    Masculine_proper_noun: which means Adar is prince; transliterated . Strong’s #152 BDB #12.

115.    Verb: ʾâhêb (בֵה ָא) [pronounced aw-HAYV^B], which means to love. As a Qal active participle, it means lovers (we should not have a 1990’s take on this, however). Strong’s #157 BDB #12. Judges 5:31 1Sam. 1:5 16:21 18:3, 20 20:17 2Sam. 1:23 Psalm 33:5 34:12 52:3 99:4 146:8

116.    Masculine_noun: which means love. Only in the plural. Strong’s #158 BDB #13.

117.    Masculine_noun: which means a loved (or, beloved) object. Strong’s #159 BDB #13.

118.    Feminine_noun: ʾahăbâh (הָבֲה -א) [pronounced ah-hu^b-VAW], which means love. For some reason, this is often translated like a verb. Strong’s #160 BDB #13. 1Sam. 20:17 2Sam. 1:26

119.    Proper_noun:

120.    Proper_noun: Judges 3:16

121.    Interjection: ʾăhâhh ( ָה ֲא) [pronounced uh-HAWH], which is somewhat onomatopoetic; it is as much a cry of sadness as it is a word. The KJV render it as Ah! or as alas. Gesenius calls it an interjection of lamentation simply from the sound of it. It comes from a word which means to grieve, to mourn. The only contemporary interjection which comes to mind was oh dear, which is better than what I found in Roget’s Thesaurus. That being unsuitable, I would almost rather transliterate it. Strong’s #162 BDB #13. Joshua 7:7 Judges 6:22 11:35

122.    Proper_noun/location: which means ; transliterated . Strong’s #163 BDB #13.

123.    Adverb: which means where. Strong’s #165 BDB #13.

124.    Verb: which means to settle dwon; to be inhabited. Strong’s #none BDB #13.

125.    Masculine_noun: ʾohel (אֹהֶל) [pronounced OH-hel] is translated tent, tabernacle, house; and it refers to the temporary dwelling of Abraham and Sarah (Gen. 18), the temporary dwellings of Jacob and his wives when on the road (Gen. 31), to the Tent or Tabernacle of God (Ex. 33). This appears to either be a temporary residence (and hence, not too well-built or designed) or an inferior type residence to the use of house above. Strong's #168 BDB #13. (?) [see also Strong's #4908 BDB #1015]. Judges 4:11 19:9 1Sam. (1:9) 2:22 4:10 13:2 15:1 17:54 2Sam. 6:17 1Chron. 6:32 (chart) 15:1 Job 5:24 21:28 Psalm 52:5 106:25 118:15

126.    Verb: which means to tent, to move a tent [from place to place]. Strong’s #167 BDB #14.

127.    Verb2: which means to be clear, to shine. Hiphil Strong’s #166 BDB #14.

128.    Masculine_noun: which means an odoriferous tree, an aloe (?). Strong’s #174? BDB #14.

129.    Masculine_proper_noun: ʾAhărôn (אַהֲרֹן) [pronounced ah-huh-ROHN], which means nothing and is transliterated Aaron. Strong’s #175 BDB #14. The Doctrine of Aaron 1Sam. 12:6 1Chron. 12:27 15:4 Psalm 99:6 105:26 106:16 118:3 133:2

130.    Conjunction: ʾô (א) [pronounced oh], which means or, or rather, otherwise, also, and. It is rendered at least (Gen. 24:55), if (Lev. 26:41), otherwise (2Sam. 18:13), also (Prov. 30:31), and (SOS 2:7 3:5) and then (Ezek. 21:10). This usually is translated or and sometimes or, rather (when a preference is implied). Here, another fundamental option is covered, so I have translated this or [if]. Strong's #176 BDB #14. Lev. 26:41 1Sam. 2:14 13:19 14:6 20:2, 10 21:3 22:15 26:10 29:3 2Sam. 2:21 3:35 Job 3:16 13:22 16:2

131.    Masculine_noun: ʾôwb (בא) [pronounced ow^bv] which means two things: a water bottle or a skin-bottle; and, medium, familiar spirit, ventriloquist demon, or one who speaks through a person (it is often translated medium for that reason). This means to mumble; in that way, it can mean a water bottle or a skin-bottle, because of the way it sounds; it is always in the plural in this case. It also is a reference to the ventriloquist demon, one who speaks through a person (it is often translated medium for that reason). Because of its speaking quality, it is often translated a familiar spirit in the KJV. The plural form is ʾôbôwth (תבֹא) [pronounced ohb-^VOHTH]. We find this in Lev. 20:6, 27 Deut. 18:11 1Sam. 28:3, 7–9 2Kings 21:6 23:24 1Chron. 10:13 2Chron. 33:6 Job 32:19 Isa. 8:19 19:3 29:4. This is a demon which usually possesses a person and speaks through that person (this can all be seen in the 1Sam. 28 passage). Strong's #178 BDB #15. The Doctrine of Tongues (Isa. 8:19) Lev. 19:31 Deut. 18:11 1Sam. 28:3, 7, 8 1Chron. 10:13

132.    Verb: which means to be curved, to be bent, to burden, to oppress. Strong’s #none BDB #15.

133.    Masculine_noun: which means brand, fire brand. Strong’s #181 BDB #15.

134.    Feminine_plural_noun: ʾôdôth (תֹדא) [pronounced oh-DOHTH], and the BDB definition is cause. The KJV renders it because, concerning, sake, cause. Gesenius tells us that it properly means turnings, and therefore causes, circumstances. This phrase is found twice, first with the 1^st person suffix and then with the 2^nd person masculine singular suffix. We will render this concerning my circumstances and concerning your circumstances. Strong’s #182 BDB #15. Joshua 14:6

135.    Masculine_noun: ʾêyd (די̤א) [pronounced ayd], which means a burden or a load [by which one is crushed], a heavy misfortune, distress, calamity. Strong’s #343 BDB #15. Job 18:12 21:17, 30

136.    Masculine_noun: which means mist. Strong’s #108 BDB #15.

137.    Verb: which means to betake oneself to a place to live, to be tenderly inclined. Strong’s #none BDB #15.

138.    Masculine_noun: ʾîy (י.א) [pronounced ee], which means coast, region, border. There is a form of this word which means island(s), but that is not found in Jer. 47:4. My thinking is that the plural of this noun indicates several coasts, meaning that we are speaking of an island. It is a feminine noun in Isa. 23:2. Strong’s #339 BDB #15. The Doctrine of the Philistines (Judges 14:4)

139.    Compound noun/preposition: ʾôdôth (תֹדא) [pronounced oh-DOHTH], which means causes, circumstances. (Strong’s #182 BDB #15); preceded by the preposition ʿal (עַל) [pronounced ahl], and means upon, beyond, against (Strong’s #5921 BDB #752). Together, they mean because of, concerning. Judges 6:7

140.    Proper_masculine_noun: which means [is] a land of palms; transliterated . Strong’s #385 BDB #16.

141.    Verb: ʾâvâh (אָוָה) [pronounced aw-WAWH] and it means to desire, to crave, to lust. Strong’s #183 BDB #16. 1Sam. 2:16 2Sam. 3:21 Psalm 106:14

142.    Masculine_noun: which means desire. Strong’s #176 BDB #16.

143.    Feminine_noun: ʾavvâh (הָ -א) [pronounced ahv-VAW], which means desire, lust; pleasure, will. Interestingly enough, this is not found in the New Englishman’s Hebrew Concordance of the Old Testament, except perhaps as another spelling for Strong’s #176. ʾavvâh can be found in Deut. 12:15, 20, 21 18:6 1Sam. 23:20 Jer. 2:24 Hosea 10:10. Strong’s #185 BDB #16. 1Sam. 23:20

144.    Proper_masculine_noun: which means desire; transliterated . Strong’s #189 BDB #16.

145.    Masculine_noun: which means desire. Only in plural in Psalm 40:9.* Strong’s #3970 BDB #16.

146.    Feminine_noun: taʾăvâh (תַּאֲוָה) [pronounced tah-uh-VAW], which means desire, lust. This word can be used in a good way (longing, that which is longed for) or in a bad. Strong’s #8378 BDB #16. Psalm 10:3, 17 20:2 106:14

147.    Verb: ʾâwâh (ה ָו ָא) [pronounced aw-WAWH] and it means to desire, to crave, to lust. (Strong's #183 BDB #16). Taʾăvâh (ה ָו ֲא ַ) [pronounced tah-av-WAW] is a desire, a craving, a wish, that which is desired. This latter word is not found in Exodus and makes its first appearance in the Bible in Num. 11:4, 34 34:10 Job 23:13 This is the word used of the desire of David for water in 2Sam. 23:15. Strong's #8378–8379 BDB #16. My reasonable guess is that châmad (Strong's #2530) is a something desirable seen from the outside and that ʾâwâh is the festering lust for it on the inside. Num. 11:4 Deut. 5:21 Psalm 78:29 (n) which is the verb and which is the noun? Check references here.

148.    Feminine_noun: ʾôwth (אוֹת) [pronounced oath], which means sign, token, pledge, assurance; these are things which are the visible assurances of God’s work; in the hands of a prophet or an Apostle, these signs were their credit cards, as Thieme use to put it; they revealed that they could draw from God’s account. Strong’s #226 BDB #16. Joshua 2:12 Judges 6:17 1Sam. 2:34 10:7, 9 14:10 Job 21:29 Psalm 105:27 Isa. 7:14

149.    Proper_masculine_noun: which means woe?; transliterated . Strong’s #186 BDB #17.

150.    Interjection: ʾôwy (יא) [pronounced ohy], which means woe! alas! oh! It is onomatopoetic; a passionate cry of grief or despair. It is an impassion expression of grief and desire (although I can picture a Shakespearean actor crying out, “Oh wretchedness, oh despair” such language would sound trite today). Today, we have this same word used, and it is transliterated oy, and it conveys a lot less emotion. Prior to this, this word has only been found in Num. 21:29 24:23. Strong’s #188 BDB #17. 1Sam. 4:7

151.    Masculine_noun: which means jackal. Strong’s #338 BDB #17.

152.    Feminine_noun: ʾayyâh (הָ-א) [pronounced ah-YAW], which means hawk, falcon, kite. Strong’s #344 BDB #17.

153.    Masculine_proper_noun: ʾAyyâh (הָ-א) [pronounced ah-YAW], which means hawk, falcon; transliterated Aiah. Strong’s #345 BDB #17. 2Sam. 3:7

154.    Masculine_proper_noun: which means man of Merodach; transliterated Maruduk?. Strong’s #192 BDB #17.

155.    Adjective: which means foolish. The adjective for foolish which acts here as a substantive. This refers to a person who is unteachable—it doesn’t matter if it is presented hypothetically or whether this person is disciplined severely in order to make a point. Strong’s #191 BDB #17. Job 5:2 Strong’s #191 BDB #17.

156.    Adjective: which means foolish. Zech. 11:15.* Strong’s #196 BDB #17.

157.    Feminine_noun: which means folly. Strong’s #200 BDB #17.

158.    Verb: which means to be in front of, to lead. Strong’s #none BDB #17.

159.    Masculine_noun1: ʾûwl (לא) [pronounced ool], whose meaning is not so simple. First of all, the word is found only in 2Kings 24:15 and Psalm 73:4; however, it is a part of several words which indicates strength, power and/or pre-eminence. Somehow, it is traced back to an unused root which means to roll. According to Gesenius, it is used in the singular to mean body, belly, abdomen; and in the plural to refer to powerful ones, men of power, leaders. BDB also assigns it two meanings for the two passages, indicating that in the instance of the Psalms, it actually means their front, their prominent part. Strong’s #193 BDB #17. Psalm 73:4

160.    Masculine_noun2: which means leading man, noble. Strong’s #193 BDB #17.

161.    Masculine_noun: which means porch. Strong’s #197 BDB #17.

162.    Masculine_noun: ʾayil (אַיִל) [pronounced AH-yil], which means ram. Strong’s #352 BDB #17. 1Sam. 15:22 1Chron. 15:26

163.    Masculine_noun2: which means projecting pillar, pilaster. Several sets of meanings. Strong’s #352 BDB #18.

164.    Masculine_noun3: which means leader, chief. Strong’s #352 BDB #18. (Psalm 89:6)

165.    Masculine_noun4: which means terebinth. See above. Strong’s #352 BDB #18.

166.    Feminine_noun1: ʾêlâh (הָל̤א) [pronounced ā-LAW], which means terebinth. Strong’s #424 BDB #18.

167.    Proper_noun2: ʾêlâh (הָל̤א) [pronounced ā-LAW], which means terebinth and is transliterated Elah. This is listed in BDB as a masculine proper noun, but it has the ה ending and the exact same word is called a feminine noun above. Strong’s #424 BDB #18. 1Sam. 17:2 21:9

168.    Feminine_noun: ʾêlôwn (ןל̤א) [pronounced AY-loan], which means oak, terebinth, tall tree, a strong and hardy tree. Strong’s #436 BDB #18. Judges 4:11 9:6, 37 1Sam. 10:3

169.    Masculine_noun: which means porch. Strong’s #361 BDB #19.

170.    Masculine/Feminine_noun: which means hart, stag, deer. Strong’s #354 BDB #19.

171.    Feminine_noun: ʾayyâlâh (הָלָ-א) [pronounced ahy-yaw-LAW], which means hind, doe; wild she-goat. Strong’s #355 BDB #19. Psalm 29:9

172.    Masculine_proper_noun: ʾayyâlôwn (ןלָ-א) [pronounced ay-yaw-LOHN], which means deer-field and is transliterated Aijalon. Strong’s #357 BDB #19. Judges 1:35 1Sam. 14:31

173.    Adverb/conjunction: ʾûwlay (יָלא) [pronounced oo-LAHY], which means perhaps, peradventure. Strong’s #194 BDB #19. 1Sam. 6:5 9:6 14:6

174.    Adverbial_conjunction: ʾûwlâm (ם ָלא) [pronounced oo-LAWM], which means but, but indeed, yet, however; it is a very strong adversative. Although sprinkled throughout the historical books (e.g., Gen. 28:19 48:19 Ex. 9:16 1Kings 20:23), ʾûwlâm is found primarily in the book of Job* (1:11 2:5 5:8 11:5 12:7 13:3–4 14:18 17:10 33:1). Strong’s #199 BDB #19. Judges 18:29 1Sam. 20:3 25:34 Job 1:11 2:5 5:8 11:5 12:6 13:4 14:18 17:10

175.    Masculine_noun: ʾâven (ן∵ו ָא) [pronounced AW-ven], which means iniquity, misfortune which results from iniquity. BDB suggests trouble, sorrow, wickedness. Barnes suggests that this first refers to nothingness, vanity, vain and empty things (Isa. 41:29 Zech. 10:2); to falsehood, deceit (Psalm 36:4 Prov. 17:4) or to unworthiness, wickedness, iniquity (Job 36:21 Isa. 1:13). The latter seems to be the most common understanding of the word. This word is first found in Gen. 35:18. Rachel named her second and last son, whom giving birth to took her life, Ben-oni—son of whatever this word means. In context, although most of the KJV renders this word iniquity; there is nothing in context which would indicate that. The context is that it was a difficult labor and that she died as a result of it. This could be seen as son of my pain. And, on the other hand, it is possible that she was speaking of her impending death as a result of her iniquity, which is unspecified. In Num. 23:21, this word could go either way—it could mean pain, misfortune or it could mean iniquity. This word next occurs in 1Sam. 15:23, after Saul did not kill all of the population of the sons of Amalek and the prophet Samuel is dressing him down: “For rebellion is as the sin of divination and insubordination is as iniquity and idolatry. Because you have rejected the word of Y^ehowah, He has also rejected you from [being] king.” Other than the book of Genesis, the oldest linguistic uses of this word come from the book of Job, where this word is found several times (Job 4:8 5:6 11:11, 14 15:35 21:19 22:15 etc.). Throughout Job, the word seems to mean iniquity, rather than misfortune. The only possibly problem is Job 5:6, which could refer more to the misfortune resulting from iniquity. Then what about Gen. 35:18? The key to that verse is Jacob changes the son’s name. If his name had been son of my sorrow; then such a name would be apropos, as it would reflect his sorrow due to the loss of Rachel, his one wife of four that he loved. However, if the son was named son of my iniquity; then it would be human nature for Jacob to put aside his wife’s dying wishes, and rename his son son of my right hand. Barnes says something about this meaning nothingness or vanity, but I don’t buy that. As we have seen, iniquity can refer to a lifestyle of wrongdoing, the guilt from those acts or to the resultant misfortune and punishment. Strong's #205 BDB #19. The Doctrine of Fasting (Isa. 58:9b) [Num. 23:21 Deut. 26:14 Job 5:6 11:11, 14 15:35 18:12 21:19 Psalm 90:10—I changed the spelling from a w to a v] 1Sam. 15:23 Psalm 7:14 10:7 56:7 59:2, 5

176.    Masculine_noun: which means toil. Strong’s #8383 BDB #20.

177.    Masculine_noun: ʾôwn (ןא) [pronounced ohn], which means strength, power, vigor; substance, wealth; faculty, ability. Strong’s #202 BDB #20. Job 18:7, 12 20:10 Psalm 105:36

178.    Verb: ʾûts (ץא) [pronounced oots], and it meanings are given variously as to press, to urge, to press anyone on, to be pressed, to confine, to make haste. In most of the 10 times that this word is found in Scripture, it means to hasten, to cause to hasten, to hurry, to hurry along, to festinate. The only time this is a difficult translate is in Joshua 17:15. Various translators give this the renderings in Joshua 17:15 as hath been narrow (Young); is too narrow (NASB, Owen); is too small (NIV); are too confined (NKJV); and you are their near neighbors in the hill country of Ephraim (REB), which Bible footnotes here that the actual Hebrew is obscure here. This would account for the odd translation here. Strong’s #213 BDB #21. Joshua 10:13 17:15

179.    Verb: ʾôwr (רא) [pronounced ohr], which means to be light, to become light. In the Hiphil , it means to bring light, to cause to be light, to enlighten. Strong’s #215 BDB #21. 1Sam. 14:27 2Sam. 2:32 Psalm 19:8 105:39 118:27

180.    Masculine_noun: ʾôwr (אוֹר) [pronounced ohr], which means light. This is used for moonlight, sunlight and morning light. It is in the feminine in a couple passages. Strong’s #216 BDB #21. The Doctrine of Fasting (Isa. 58:8) Judges 19:26 1Sam. 14:36 25:34, 36 29:10 Job 17:12 Psalm 44:3 56:13 89:15 148:3

181.    Feminine_noun1: which means light. Strong’s #216 BDB #21.

182.    Feminine_noun2: which means herb. Strong’s #216 BDB #21.

183.    Masculine_noun: which means flame. Strong’s #217 BDB #22.

184.    Masculine_plural_noun: which means region of light, East Is. Strong’s #217 BDB #22.

185.    Masculine_noun: ʾûwrîym [םי .רא) [pronounced oo-REEM], which means lights; revelations and is transliterated Urim. Strong’s #224 BDB #22.

186.    Masculine_proper_noun: which means flame. Strong’s #218 BDB #22.

187.    Masculine_proper_noun: ʾÛwrîy (י.רא) [pronounced o-REE], which means flame, firey and is transliterated . Strong’s #221 BDB #22.

188.    Masculine_proper_noun: ʾÛwrîyʾêl (ל̤אי .רא) [pronounced oo-ree-ALE], which means flame of El; my light is El, God is my light, flame of God; transliterated Uriel. Strong’s #222 BDB #22. 1Chron. 15:5

189.    Masculine_proper_noun: which means flame of Yah; my light is Yah and is transliterated . Strong’s #223 BDB #22.

190.    Masculine_proper_noun: which means flame of Yahweh; my light is Yahweh and is transliterated . Strong’s #223 BDB #22.

191.    Masculine_proper_noun: yâʾîyr (רי.אָי) [pronounced yaw-EER], and it means he enlightens or one giving light; and is transliterated Jair. This is simply Jair’s name. Strong’s #2971 BDB #22. Judges 10:4

192.    Gentilic_adjective: which means he enlightens; the one giving light; and is transliterated Jairite. Strong’s #2972 BDB #22.

193.    Masculine_noun: which means luminary, light, light-bearer, lamp, lamp-stand. Strong’s #3974 BDB #22.

194.    Feminine_noun: which means light hole. Strong’s #3975 BDB #22.

195.    Proper_noun_location: which means light, flame; and is transliterated Ur. The meaning may not apply, as this is not a Jewish word per se. Strong’s #218 BDB #22.

196.    Verb: which means to consent, to agree. Strong’s #225 BDB #22.

197.    Adverb: ʾâz (אָז) [pronounced awz], which means then, at that time, in that case (when following an if or though), now, as things are; that being so. This adverb also gives us logical progression or logical sequence, so it means in that case, now as things are, that being so, then. The latter rendering is particularly apropos as the apodosis of a conditional, which is how it functions here. ʾâz is also used in cases where the historian either wishes to introduce contemporaneous facts, that do not carry forward the main course of the history, or loses sight for the time of the strictly historical sequence and simply takes note of the occurrence of some particular event. Strong’s #227 BDB #23. The Doctrine of Fasting (Isa. 58:8) Deut. 29:20 Joshua 1: 8:30 10:12 Judges 5:8, 19 13:21 1Sam. 6:3 20:12 2Sam. 2:27 1Chron. 15:2 16:7 Job 9:31 11:15 13:20 Psalm 2:5 56:9

198.    Adverb/conjunction/preposition: which means from that time; in time past, of old; from the time of, since. Strong’s #227 BDB #23.

199.    Conjunction: which means then, in that case. Strong’s #233 BDB #23.

200.    Masculine_proper_noun: which means hyssop and is transliterated . Strong’s #229 BDB #23.

201.    Masculine_noun: which means hyssop. Strong’s #231 BDB #23.

202.    Verb: ʾâzal (לַזָא) [pronounced aw-ZAHL], which means to go, to be gone, to go away; to go about; to be exhausted, to be used up [gone, evaporated]. Strong’s #235 BDB #23. Deut. 32:36 1Sam. 9:7 Job 14:11

203.    Masculine_proper_noun: ʾezel (ל∵ז ∵א) [pronounced EH-zel], which means pointed, sharp and is transliterated Ezel. Same as the verb above? Different vowel points. Strong’s #237 BDB #23. 1Sam. 20:19.*

204.    Masculine_proper_noun: which means nothing; and is transliterated . Strong’s #187 BDB #23.

205.    Proper_noun_location: which means nothing; and is transliterated . Strong’s #187 BDB #23.

206.    Verb: which means to be pointed, to be sharp. Or edge, corner, peak, pinnacle. Strong’s #none BDB #23.

207.    Feminine_noun: ʾôzen (אֹזֶן) [pronounced OH-zen], which means ear. Strong’s #241 BDB #23. Ruth 4:4a 1Sam. 3:11 8:21 9:15 11:4 15:14 18:23 20:2 22:8 25:24 2Sam. 3:19 7:22 Psalm 34:15

208.    Verb:1 ʾâzan (ןַזָא) [pronounced aw-ZAHN], which means to broaden out the ear with the hand in order to hear; give ear and answer; to listen and obey; to listen; to weigh. It is used primarily in poetry. It is usually rendered give ear. Strong’s #238 BDB #24. Deut. 32:1 Judges 5:3 Psalm 54:2

209.    Verb2: ʾâzan (ן ַז ָא) [pronounced aw-ZAHN], which means to weigh, to test, to prove. Strong’s #239 BDB #24.

210.    Dual_Masculine_noun: which means balances, scales. Strong’s #3976 BDB #24.

211.    Verb: ʾârar (ר-זָא) [pronounced aw-ZAHR], which means to bind around, to put on something [around you], to gird, to encompass, to equip; to surround. Strong’s #247 BDB #25. 1Sam. 2:4

212.    Noun: ʾêzôr (רז ֵא) [pronounced â-ZOHR], and one calls it a slave's garment. It is possible that it meant that early on, as this is not found again until the prophets (and 1Kings 1:8), but because it is related to the verb to gird, to clothe, this would be a simpler garment, generally not associated with kings. Strong's #232 BDB #25. Job 12:18

213.    Interjection3: which means ah! alas! Onomatopoetic. Ezek. 6:11 21:20.* Strong’s #253 BDB #25.

214.    Substantive: which means wish, ah that! Various spellings. Strong’s #305 BDB #25.

215.    Numeral: ʾechâd (אֶחָד) [pronounced eh-KHAWD], which means one, first, certain, only; but it can also mean a composite unity. We have seen this word used specifically in that way in Gen. 2:24: For this cause a man will leave his father and his mother and he will cling to his wife; and they shall become one flesh. See also Gen. 34:16, 22. It has a variety of meanings, the chief being one. However, it is also used in the sense of a certain woman or one woman (meaning, essentially, the same thing). It refers to a particular, but unidentified person or thing. Strong's #259 BDB #25. Deut. 6:4 (See Strong's #3173 BDB #402 for the adjective for solitary) The Doctrine of the Deity of the Holy Spirit; [Biblical Contradictions The Opposition (Eli)—spelled wrong and can’t find] Joshua 22:20 Judges 4:16 8:18 9:53 13:2 16:7, 28 19:13 Ruth 1:4 —spelled wrong] 1Sam. 1:1, 2, 24 2:34, 36 6:4, 7, 12, 17 7:9, 12 9:3, 15 10:3 11:7 13:17b 14:4, 40 16:18 17:36 22:20 24:14 25:14 26:7, 15 27:1 2Sam. 1:15 2:1, 18, 25 3:13 4:2 6:19 7:7 9:11 1Chron. 12:14, 38 Job 9:22 Psalm 34:20 89:35 106:11 Zech. 12:7

216.    Masculine_proper_noun: ʾÊchûwd (דח̤א) [pronounced ay-KHOOD], which means united; transliterated Ehud. Strong's #261 BDB #26. Judges 3:15 1Chron. (7:12) 8:6

217.    Adjective: surrounding, protecting. Strong’s #2297 BDB #26.

218.    Masculine_noun: ʾâch (אָח) [pronounced awhk], which means brother, kinsman or close relative. It can mean brother, as in Gen. 4:2 27:6; close relative, as in Gen. 14:14, 16 (Lot was Abram's nephew, not his brother) Lev. 10:4; and this word can mean a fellow-countrymen (Lev. 19:17 25:14, 46). Strong's #251 BDB #26. Lev. 25:25 Joshua 15:17 (for Judges 1:13) Judges 1:3, 13 9:1, 26 14:3 Ruth 4:3 1Sam. 14:3 16:13 17:17 20:29 22:1 26:6 30:23 2Sam. 1:26 10:10 1Chron. 6:39a 7:34 8:14 12:2, 29 15:5 16:7 Psalm 133:1

219.    Masculine_proper_noun: ʾăchôyyâh (הָ̣חֲא) [pronounced uh-KHEE-yaw], and is transliterated Ahijah. Strong’s #281 BDB #26. 1Chron. (8:6)

220.    Masculine_proper_noun: which means Ahab. Strong’s #256 BDB #26.

221.    Masculine_proper_noun: ʾăchîy (י.חֲא) [pronounced UH-khee], which is transliterated Ahi or Achi, but which means, obviously, brother of. Strong’s #277 BDB #26. 1Chron. 7:34

222.    Masculine_proper_noun: ʾăchîyyâh (הָ .ח ֲא) [pronounced uh-khee-YAW], which means brother of Yah (God), and is transliterated Ahijah. First spelling found 19 times; second 5 times. Strong’s #281 BDB #26. 1Sam. 14:3

223.    Masculine_proper_noun: ʾach^eyôw (י ח-א) [pronounced ahkh^e-YOH], which means brotherly, fraternal; transliterated Ahio. Strong’s #283 BDB #26. 2Sam. 6:3

224.    Masculine_proper_noun: ʾăchîţûwb (אֲחִטוּב) [pronounced uh-khee-TU^BV], which means my brother [is] goodness, and is transliterated Ahitub. Strong’s #285 BDB #26. 1Sam. 14:3 22:9 2Sam. 8:17

225.    Proper_noun:

226.    Masculine_proper_noun: ʾĂchîylûwd (אֲחִילוּד) [pronounced uhkh-ee-LOOD], which means child’s brother and is transliterated Ahilud. Strong’s #286 BDB #27. 2Sam. 8:16

227.    Masculine_proper_noun: which means my brother is death and is transliterated . Strong’s #287 BDB #27.

228.    Masculine_proper_noun: ʾăchîymelek^e (אֲחִימֶלֶךְ) [pronounced uh-khee-MEH-lek], which means brother of Melek or brother of a king and is transliterated Ahimelech. Strong’s #288 BDB #27. 1Sam. (14:3) 21:1 22:9 23:6 26:6 30:7 2Sam. 8:17 Psalm 52 inscription

229.    Masculine_proper_noun: ʾĂchîyman (ן -מי.ח ֲא) [pronounced ukh-ee-MAHN], which means my brother is a gift and is transliterated Achiman. Strong’s #289 BDB #27. Judges 1:10

230.    Masculine_proper_noun: ʾăchîymaʿats (ץ -ע -מי.ח ֲא) [pronounced uh-khee-MAH-ģahtz], which means my brother is wrath, and is transliterated Ahimaaz. Strong’s #290 BDB #27. 1Sam. 14:50

231.    Masculine_proper_noun: which means and is transliterated . Strong’s #291 BDB #27.

232.    Masculine_proper_noun: which means my brother is noble and is transliterated . Strong’s #292 BDB #27.

233.    Masculine_proper_noun: ʾăchîynôʿam (ם -עֹני.ח ֲא) [pronounced uh-khee-NOH-ģam], which means my brother is delight, and is transliterated Ahinoam. Strong’s #293 BDB #27. 1Sam. 14:50 25:43 27:3 2Sam. 2:2 3:2

234.    Masculine_proper_noun: which means my brother has supported and is transliterated . Strong’s #294 BDB #27.

235.    Masculine_proper_noun: ʾăchîyʿezer (ר∵ז∵עי.חֲא) [pronounced uhkh-ee-EH-zer], which means my brother is help, brother of help and is transliterated Ahiezer. Strong’s #295 BDB #27. 1Chron. 12:3

236.    Masculine_proper_noun: which means my brother has arisen and is transliterated . Strong’s #296 BDB #27.

237.    Masculine_proper_noun: which means brother of the lofty and is transliterated . Strong’s #297 BDB #27.

238.    Masculine_proper_noun: Chîyrâm (מָרי.ח) [pronounced khee-RAWM], which means noble and transliterated Hiram. Strong’s #2438 BDB #27. 2Sam. 5:11

239.    Gentilic_adjective: which means I don’t know. Num. 26:38Strong’s #298 BDB #27.

240.    Masculine_proper_noun: which means my brother is evil and is transliterated . A chief of the Naphtali tribe. Strong’s #299 BDB #27.

241.    Masculine_proper_noun: which means brother of the dawn and is transliterated . Strong’s #300 BDB #27.

242.    Masculine_proper_noun: which means my brother has sung and is transliterated . Strong’s #301 BDB #27.

243.    Masculine_proper_noun: which means my brother is folly? and is transliterated . Strong’s #302 BDB #27.

244.    Feminine_noun: which means brotherhood. Strong’s #264 BDB #27.

245.    Masculine_proper_noun: which means brother of El and is transliterated . 1Kings 16:34.* Strong’s #2419 BDB #27.

246.    Feminine_noun: ʾâchôwth (תחָא) [pronounced aw-KHOWTH], which means sister. This can refer to an actual sister (Gen. 4:22 12:13, 19 20:2, 9, 12); to a half-sister (Lev. 18:11 Num. 6:7 Deut. 27:22 Ezek. 22:11); a near relative (Gen. 24:59–60); as well as to someone of the same nationality (Num. 25:18 Hosea 2:3). Strong’s #269 BDB #27. 1Chron. 7:15

247.    Noun: ʾâchû (ח ָא) [pronounced AW-khoo], and it is only found here and in Gen. 41:2, 18, and it signifies the marsh-grass, reeds, bulrushes and those flora generally found in marshy areas and wetlands. I will render this wetland flora. Strong’s #260 BDB #28. Job 8:11

248.    Verb: ʾâchaz (ז ַח ָא) [pronounced aw-KHAHZ], which means to grasp, to take hold of, to take possession of. In the Niphal, the passive stem, it means to be given possession of, to make oneself a possessor of, to have possession of. The bêyth preposition is often used with this verb to indicate the object of the verb. Strong’s #270 BDB #28. Joshua 22:9 Judges 1:6 16:3 20:6 Ruth 3:15 2Sam. 1:9 2:21 4:10 6:6 Job 16:12a 17:9 18:20 21:6 Psalm 56 inscription 73:23

249.    Feminine_noun: ʾăchûzzâh (הָ ֻחֲא) [pronounced uh-khooz-ZAW], which means possession [of land, slaves, etc.], land possession, inheritance. Strong’s #272 BDB #28. Joshua 22:9 Psalm 2:8

250.    Feminine_noun1: which means cry, howel. Strong's #none BDB #28.

251.    Masculine_noun: which means jackal. Strong's #255 BDB #28.

252.    Feminine_noun2: which means fire-pot, brasier. Strong's #254 BDB #28.

253.    Masculine_proper_noun: ʾăchôwach (-חחֲא) [pronounced uh-KHOH-ahkh], which is transliterated Ahoah. Strong’s #265 BDB #29. 1Chron. (8:6)

254.    Masculine_proper_noun: ʾêchîy (י.ח̤א) [pronounced ā-KHEE], transliterated Ehi. Strong's #278 BDB #29. 1Chron. (7:12)

255.    Masculine_proper_noun: ʾăchîyrâm (םָרי.חֲא) [pronounced uh-khee-RAWM], which is transliterated Ahiram. Strong’s #297 BDB #29. 1Chron. (7:12)

256.    Feminine_noun: which means amethyst. Meaning uncertain. Strong's #306 BDB #29.

257.    Verb: ʾâchar (רַחָא) [pronounced aw-KHAHR], which means to remain behind, to stay behind; to delay, to tarry; to leave behind. Strong’s #309 BDB #29. Judges 5:28–29

258.    Adjective/substantive: ʾachêr (אַחֵר) [pronounced ah-KHEHR], which means another as well as foreign, alien, strange. Strong’s #312 BDB #29. The Doctrine of Tongues (Isa. 28:11) Judges 2:10 1Sam. 8:8 10:6 17:30 19:21 21:9 26:19 28:8 30:8 1Chron. 7:12 (alternate reading) 16:20 Psalm 105:13

259.    Adverb: ʾachar (אַחַר) [pronounced ah-KHAHR], which means behind, afterwards. Strong’s #310 BDB #29. Some references below belong here. Psalm 73:24

260.    Preposition: ʾachar (אַחַר) [pronounced ah-KHAHR], which means after, following. In reference to place, this can mean behind. Strong’s #310 BDB #29. (The Doctrine of Aaron) Deut. 10:15 Joshua 1:1 2:7 8:6 10:14, 19 20:5 Judges intro 1:1, 6 2:7 3:22, 28 4:16 5:14 6:34, 35 8:33 15:7 18:12 19:23 20:40 Ruth 2:2 1Sam. 1:9 6:7, 12 8:3 11:5, 7 12:14, 20 13:4, 7 14:12 15:11 17:13 20:37 21:9 22:20 23:25 24:1, 14 25:13 26:3, 18 30:21 2Sam. 1:1, 7 2:23 (twice as a substantive) 3:26 7:5 1Chron. 10:2 Psalm 63:8 68:25

261.    Compound_preposition: 2Sam. 5:23

262.    Compound_preposition: ʾachar (אַחַר) [pronounced ah-KHAHR], and it essentially means after (Strong’s #310 BDB #29) and ʾăsher (אֲֹשֶר) [pronounced ash-ER], which means that, which, when or who (Strong's #834 BDB #81). Together, they mean when, after that, after which with a finite verb. Joshua 7:8

263.    Compound_preposition: kîy ʾachar—I simply cannot find a common usage in BDB or in Gesenius (they are found together in 1Sam. 12:21).

264.    Compound_preposition: ʾachar (אַחַר) [pronounced ah-KHAHR], which means after, following. Strong’s #310 BDB #29. This is combined with the adverb kên (ן ֵ) [pronounced kane] (Strong's #3651 BDB #485), which is generally rendered so. Together, they mean after so (literally) or afterward, afterwards. [this is no longer listed under kên]. Joshua 8:34 10:26 1Sam. 9:13 10:5 24:5, 8 2Sam. 2:1, 28 2Sam. 8:1 10:1

265.    Compound_preposition: mêʾachar (מֵאַחַר) [pronounced may-ah-KHAHR], which is made up of ʾachar (ר ַח ַא) [pronounced ah-KHAHR], which means behind, after (Strong’s #310 BDB #29) and min (ן  ̣מ) [pronounced min], which means from, out of (Strong’s #4480 BDB #577). Together, they can be rendered from, from after, from (being) after, from behind, from following after. This combination is used quite often when one leaves something which they have previously followed and can therefore be rendered from following. Joshua 8:2 22:16 1Sam. 6:7 12:20 2Sam. 2:19 7:8

266.    Compound preposition/verb: mâlaʾ (א ַל ָמ) [pronounced maw-LAH] means to fill and is found about three hundred times in the Old Testament. It is used for the filling of the Spirit (Ex. 28:3), for the filling of the tabernacle with the glory of God (Ex. 40:34–35), to the filling with a liquid (Joshua 3:15) to the fulfillment of one's life (Gen. 29:21). This is followed by the preposition ʾachar (ר ַח ַא) [pronounced ah-KHAHR] and it means after, behind. Together, the words means to completely follow after, to fully follow Y^ehowah, to completely and fully follow where one is being led. Strong's #310 BDB #29. (see also Strong's #4390) Num. 32:12

267.    Adjective: which means that which is turned backwards. Strong’s #310 BDB #30.

268.    Masculine_substantive/adverb: ʾâchôwr (אָחוֹר) [pronounced aw-KHOHR], and it means the hinder side, the back part; back, backwards (in poetry). Strong’s #268 BDB #30. 2Sam. 1:22 10:9 Psalm 44:10. 18 56:9 114:3

269.    Adverb: ʾăchôrannîyth (תי.-רֹח ֲא) [pronounced uh-khoh-ran-NEETH], which means backwards, back part, from the rear. Strong’s #322 BDB #30. 1Sam. 4:18

270.    Adjective: ʾachărôn (ןרֱחַא) [pronounced ah-kha-ROHN] and it means coming after, behind, later, following, last. It is derived from a very similar verb. According to Keil and Delitzsch, this word is also used in conjunction with the Mediterranean Sea, and therefore can cannot western as well. Strong’s #314 BDB #30. Ruth 3:10 1Sam. 29:2 2Sam. 2:26 Job 18:20 19:25 Psalm 78:4

271.    Feminine_substantive: ʾachărîyth (תי ̣ר ֱח ַא) [pronounced ahkh-ar-EETH], which means after-part, end, latter. Strong’s #319 BDB #31. Deut. 31:29 Psalm 73:17

272.    Masculine_proper_noun: ʾachêr (ר̤ח-א) [pronounced ah-KHAYR], which is transliterated Aher. Strong’s #313 BDB #31. 1Chron. 7:12

273.    Masculine_proper_noun: ʾachărach (ח-רֲח-א) [pronounced ah-khuh-RAHKH], which is transliterated Aharah. Strong’s #315 BDB #31. 1Chron. (7:12)

274.    Adjective: which means another. Bertheau supposes that this is used to avoid naming Dan in Gen. 46:23 Num. 26:42 because of the narrative in Judges 17. Strong’s #313 BDB #31.

275.    Masculine_plural_noun: which means satraps. Strong’s #323 BDB #31.

276.    Adjective: which means royal. Strong’s #327 BDB #31.

277.    Masculine_noun: which means bramble, buck-thorn. Strong’s #329 BDB #31.

278.    Verb: which means to emit a moaning or creaking sound. Strong’s #none BDB #31.

279.    Masculine_noun: which means a mutterer. Strong’s #not sure BDB #31.

280.    Adverb/Substantive: ʾaţ (ט-א) [pronounced at], which means softly, gently. According to Barnes, the verbal cognate (if this is taken as one word) means to wrap around, to muffle, to cover, to conceal, and, therefore, to make secret. In every occurrence but one (1Kings 21:27), this has a prefixed lâmed, suggesting, possibly, that it may be properly spelled that way. There are a couple of words which are spelled very similarly to this one and are possibly equivalent (see Gen. 33:14 Isa. 19:3). However, as combined with a lâmed preposition, this can mean a gentle sound, a murmur, a whisper. In 1Kings 21:27, it refers to water gently flowing, so what we probably have here is the gentle flow of consoling words and words of divine wisdom from Eliphaz and company to Job. Strong’s #328 BDB #31. Job 15:11

281.    Adverb: which means softly, gently. Gen. 33:14. Plural form of above? Strong’s #328 BDB #31.

282.    Masculine_noun: which means charmers?. Isa. 19:3. Strong’s #328 BDB #31.

283.    Verb: which means to shut, to shut up. Strong’s #331 BDB #31.

284.    Masculine_noun: which means thread, yarn. Strong’s #330 BDB #32.

285.    Verb: which means to shut up, to close, to bind. Strong’s #332 BDB #32.

286.    Adjective: ʾiţţêr (ר̤.א) [pronounced iht-TARE], which means bound, impeded (on the right, i.e., left-handed); shut, shut up. found only twice in the Bible (this passage and Judges 20:16), and it means bounded, restricted; it means, with the words that follow, restricted as to his right hand (in other words, he’s left-handed). This does not mean or imply that Ehud is crippled in any way, as the same designation is used of 700 Benjamite slingers in Judges 20:16. Strong’s #334 BDB #32. Judges 3:15 20:16

287.    Adverb: ʾêy (י̤א) [pronounced āy], which means where. There are many combinations with this particle. Strong’s #335 BDB #32. 1Sam. 9:18 25:11 26:16 30:13 2Sam. 1:3 Job 20:6

288.    Adverb/adjective combination: ʾêy (י̤א) [pronounced āy], which means where. When prefixed to the min preposition and the masculine singular demonstrative adjective, together they mean whence, from where. ʾêy = Strong’s #335 BDB #32. Judges 13:6 2Sam. 1:3

289.    Adverb/particle combination: 2Sam. 1:13

290.    Interrogative adverb: ʾayyêh (אַיֵּה) [pronounced ahy-YAY], which means where. Strong's #346 BDB #32. Judges 6:13 Job 21:28 Psalm 89:49

291.    Adverb: ʾêyk (י̤א) [pronounced ayche], which means how. It can be used as an interrogative or as an exclamation. Strong’s #349 BDB #32. Judges 16:15 Ruth 3:18 1Sam. 16:2 2Sam. 1:5, 14, 19 2:22 6:9 Job 21:34 Psalm 73:19

292.    Adverb: ʾêykâh (הָכי̤א) [pronounced ā-KAW], which means in what manner, how. It can also be used as an exclamatory adverb (how!). Strong’s #349 BDB #32. Psalm 73:11

293.    Adverb: Strong’s #351 BDB #32

294.    Adverb: ʾayin (ן  ̣י ַא) [pronounced AH-yin], which means where; with regards to time it means to what point; with ʿad, it means how long. Strong’s #370 BDB #32.

295.    Adverb: ʾân (ןָא) [pronounced awn], which means where; with regards to time it means until when, how long, to what point. Strong’s #575 BDB #33. 1Sam. 10:14 2Sam. 2:1

296.    Preposition/adverb_combination: ʾân (ן ָא) [pronounced awn], which means where; with regards to time it means to what point; with min preposition, it means from where, from whence, whence. Strong’s #575 BDB #33.

297.    Preposition/adverb_combination: ʾân (ן ָא) [pronounced awn], which means where; with regards to time it means to what point; with ʿad, it means how long. Strong’s #575 BDB #33. (because this is contracted from ʾayin (ן  ̣י ַא) [pronounced AH-yin] (which is Strong’s #370 BDB #32

298.    ). Joshua 18:3 Job 8:2 19:3

299.    Interrogative_adverb: ʾêyphôh (אָיפֹה) [pronounced ā-FOH], which means where; what manner, what king. The fact that it is probably a combination of the words where and here is not a lot of help to us. This is different from the word above. Strong’s #375 BDB #33. Judges 8:18 1Sam. 19:22 2Sam. 9:4

300.    Interjection3: ʾîy (י.א) [pronounced ee], which means alas! It is onomatopoetic. Eccles. 4:10 10:16.* Strong’s #337 BDB #33.

301.    Adverb4: ʾîy (י.א) [pronounced ee], which means not. Job 22:7.* Strong’s #336 BDB #33.

302.    Masculine_proper_noun: ʾîy kâbôwd (דבָכ י.א) [pronounced ee-kaw^b-VOHD], which is reasonably transliterated Ichabod. Literally, the name means not glory or not glorious. He is mentioned only in 1Sam. 4:21 14:3.* According to Rotherham, Ichabod means where is the glory? Joseph Bryant Rotherham’s The Emphasized Bible; Ⓟ1971 by Kregel Publications; p. 293. The word in question is the first syllable. We have the adverb not, which is ʾîy (י.א) [pronounced ee]. Although this word is found often in Rabbinical writings and means impossible (in conjunction with another word), it is found rarely with this meaning in Scripture (it is found over three dozen times and means isle, island). It also means woe (so found twice in Scripture). The reason we find these two meanings is that the word where is ʾân (ןָא) [pronounced awn] (Strong’s #575 BDB #33); and the more common word for not is ʾayin (ן̣י-א) [pronounced ah-YIN] (Strong’s #369 BDB #33). I suspect that the abbreviation could stand for either word and the key is the pronunciation of the name. Strong’s #336 BDB #33. He is mentioned only in 1Sam. 4:21 14:3. Strong’s #350 BDB #33. 1Sam. 4:21 14:3*

303.    Verb: ʾâyab (אָיַב) [pronounced aw-YA^BV], which means to be at enmity, to be hostile. As a participle, it can be reasonably rendered enemy, but it is more literally, the one being at enmity with you. Here, as a participle, it refers to the behavior which will be caused to cease, namely enmity, hostility. Strong’s #340 BDB #33. Deut. 30:7 32:31 Joshua 10:18 21:44 Judges 2:14 3:28 5:31 1Sam. 2:1b 4:3 12:10 [18:25 19:17 20:15 24:4 25:22 26:8 29:8] 30:26 2Sam. 3:18 7:1 Psalm 89:10 [Job 13:24 Psalm 7:5 8:2 44:16 54:7 56:9 59:1 106:10 110:1] —change ^bv in bracketed passages

304.    Feminine_noun: which means enmity. Strong’s #342 BDB #33.

305.    Masculine proper name: Job’s name, in the Hebrew, is ʾîyyôb (ב  ̣א) [pronounced ee-YOBE] and it is very closely related to the verb to be hostile towards or to the feminine noun which means enmity. Gesenius says that it means persecuted. It is not unusual to give names in the Hebrew which are descriptive rather than meaningless. Although Barnes uses the term anticipatory several times, I don’t think that is the case. I believe that this name was given by the author of the book or that Job became known by that name at the conclusion of the events described in the book of Job. Strong’s #347 BDB #33. Job 1:1a

306.    Masculine_noun: which means help. Strong’s #353 BDB #33.

307.    Feminine_noun: which means help. Strong’s #360 BDB #33.

308.    Adjective: which means terrible, dreadful, awe-inspiring. Strong’s #366 BDB #33.

309.    Feminine_substantive: ʾêymâh (ה ָמי ֵא) [pronounced ay-MAW], which means terror, dread, horror, fear. Strong’s #367 BDB #33. Job 13:21 20:25

310.    Masculine_plural_proper_noun: which is transliterated Emim [terrors]. Strong’s #368 BDB #34.

311.    Substantive_of_negation: ʾayin (ן̣י-א) [pronounced AH-yin], which means naught, nothing; or it can be used as a particle of negation; no, not. The Hebrew construct is ʾêyin (ן̣י̤א) [pronounced AYH-yin]. I don’t know that there is a difference and my sources disagree as to which one it is. It can mean in the condition of being not = without. Just as to him is often rendered he has; we often supply a verb for this substantive and render it there is no. Strong’s #369 BDB #34. Deut. 28:32 32:4 Judges 3:25 7:12 11:34 18:7 19:28 1Sam. 1:2 2:2 3:1 9:2, 4, 7 10:14, 24 11:3 14:6 17:50 18:25 19:11 20:2 21:1, 4 22:8 24:11 26:12 27:1 30:4 2Sam. 3:22 Job 7:21 8:22 18:19 19:7 20:21 21:33 Psalm 7:2 10:4 19:3 33:16 34:9 59:13 73:4 103:16 105:34 142:4